The demo kit allows you to easily test the many interfaces available for the Ohaus Defender 5000 indicator. Its sturdy case is well suited for shipping.
Follow these steps to start using it:
The required components and cables can be found in the compartment on the left side (1).
Connect the load cell simulator (2) (3).
This device simulates the load cell that is normally installed in the weighing platform. Make sure that the pointers on the gauge are at 0, but do not turn on the scale yet.
Set the selector knob (4) to the interface you want to test (e.g. WiFi/BT).
If necessary, plug in the WiFi/Bluetooth dongle (5).
Connect the device to AC power and switch it on.
Turn the load cell simulator counterclockwise to increase the weight:
The configuration of the interface is done in the menu of the scale. Printed instructions are included in the case (6).
When using a WiFi or wired Ethernet connection, the device acts as a TCP server. By default, the IP address is assigned automatically (DHCP). WiFi uses port 6060 and Ethernet port 9761.
After establishing a connection as a TCP client (e.g. using PuTTY), you can request the weight by using one of the commands listed in the manual. The “P” command corresponds to pressing the Print button on the scale. The device will answer using the default template:
This template can be changed in the menu. The menu also allows you to select a different capacity or graduation.
Note: A micro SD card is included in the device, but it cannot be easily accessed.
It is a compact device designed to be connected to scales and balances made by A&D via their RS-232 interface. It stores the weight and – if required – a sequential number and the date/time. After weighing, it is connected to a USB port on a computer (just like a flash drive) to access the data:
The CSV file created by the AD-1688 can be opened in applications such as Excel by simply double-clicking on it. The weight will appear as a number in its own column, ready for further processing.
Does the data logger work with scales from other manufacturers?
Sometimes, but it almost never works as well as with scales from A&D. In our tests, the following problems occurred.
Connectors and pinout
Connectors of the cables included with the AD-1688 weighing data logger
The data logger comes with suitable cables for (almost) all scales and balances made by A&D. On a DE9 connector (often erroneously called DB9), it uses pins 2 (RxD), 5 (GND) and 6 (DSR), though the latter is not strictly necessary. To connect to scales from other manufacturers, you may need adapters such as “gender changers” or null modem adapters, or you may need to make a special cable:
Please do not assume that the pinout is compatible just because the connector can be plugged in on your scale!
Possible damage
Some scales use pins of the RS-232 port for other purposes, e.g. for powering peripherals such as check weighing signal lights. These pins must not be connected to the AD-1688!
Power supply via the RS-232 interface
The AD-1688 gets its power from the scale it is connected to (or the USB port when connected to a computer). RS-232 voltage levels are clearly defined in the RS-232 standard. Nevertheless, the “RS-232” interface of some scales does not supply the voltage required to operate the AD-1688. On a Kern DE parcel scale, for example, the data logger did not turn on at all, even though the pinout matched:
AD-1688 weighing data logger conencted to a Kern DE parcel scale
Further analysis revealed that this scale did not contain an RS-232 transceiver and that logic one (“mark”) was sent as 0 V (instead of −15 to −3 V).
Interface parameters
The settings for baud rate, number of data bits and parity must match on the scale and on the data logger, otherwise the AD-1688 won’t be able to read the incoming data correctly.
When using the data logger with scales from A&D, you do not have to worry about this: Almost all A&D weighing instruments use 2400 bps, 7 data bits, parity “even”. This is also the default setting of the AD-1688.
For scales made by other manufacturers you will have to change the interface parameters either on the scale or on the data logger. The AD-1688 supports the following settings:
Bit rate: 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200.
Data bits/parity: 7 even, 7 odd, 8 none.
Data format
The data logger expects all data to be sent as ASCII in A&D’s standard format:
First line: byte number; second line: ASCII character sent by an A&D balance; third line: hexadecimal value
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
S
T
,
+
0
0
4
5
6
.
8
9
g
CR
LF
53
54
2C
2B
30
30
34
35
36
2E
38
39
20
20
67
0D
0A
Only a very small number of scales made by other manufacturers support this exact format. If your scale sends data in a different format, two problems may occur:
Unless each line is terminated with carriage return and line feed, the AD-1688 won’t record it.
Even if this is the case, the numeric value of the weight will not be separated from the unit (and other characters sent by the scale).
You can generally solve the second issue by using the import wizard of your spreadsheet application. With Excel, the easiest way to open the file in the import wizard is to rename it from .CSV to .TXT.
Many scales send several line breaks after the weight (for the paper feed of a serial printer). This causes the data logger to create empty rows not containing any data. If you cannot modify the line feed configuration of your scale, you can instead increase the “Line” setting of the AD-1688 to combine several lines into one row.
This will result in empty columns (see example file above), which is much better than empty rows. However, the maximum is 7 lines. Beyond that, data will spill into the next row.
Decimal point or comma
The AD-1688 data logger cannot convert between a decimal point and comma. If you’re in a country which uses a decimal comma, this again means that you will have to use the import wizard of your spreadsheet app to correctly format the weight as a number.
Note: A&D scales let you choose whether the weight should be sent with a point or comma (e.g. “12.34″ or “12,34″) and therefore do not have this problem. You only have to ensure that the “dP” setting on the data logger matches the decimal separator used by your scale.
Transmission mode
Most scales have a “print” or “data” button to send a single weight reading to a connected device. However, this is not always the case. Some scales send the weight continuously with several values per second. This would quickly fill the memory of the AD-1688. You can mitigate this by using the “Rec” setting so that data is only stored at certain intervals, but this is far from ideal for most applications.
Other scales use bi-directional protocols (very common with point-of-sale scales):
Example: NCI POS protocol
Such scales can definitely not be used with the AD-1688 weighing data logger as it can only passively record incoming data. It is unable to send requests to the connected scale (see pinout above, there is no transmit pin).
Intended use according to A&D
Finally, the manual (PDF) clearly states that the AD-1688 is designed to be connected to “balances and scales with an RS-232C connector manufactured by A&D“. It was never intended to be used with weighing instruments made by other manufacturers. Given the many pitfalls described here, this is an understandable decision.
Conclusion
The trouble-free operation of the AD-1688 weighing data logger is only guaranteed with compatible scales from A&D.
On scales from other manufacturers, the AD-1688 may work, but there are many potential problems that can cost you a lot of time. Even in the best case, the resulting CSV file will often not be fully comma-separated due to differences in the data format and will require further processing.
If your scale is not made by A&D, consider connecting it to a PC for data acquisition. You can use our Simple Data Logger software, which is designed to work with scales from many different manufacturers.
Note: The information in this article is valid for firmware P1.10 of the AD-1688.
Links and further information about the AD-1688 weighing data logger
Please consider: A single-threaded, synchronous programming language with blocking I/O calls like PHP may not be the best choice for communicating with a scale. The following post is not meant as a recommendation for PHP.
Defender 5000 scales can be equipped with a WiFi or wired Ethernet interface. The scale acts as a TCP server and your script establishes a persistent connection as a TCP client.
You can then use one of the following methods to send the weight from the scale to your PHP application:
Send a command to the scale to request the weight (described in this post).
Wait until the operator presses the PRINT button.
Configure the scale to send each stable weight automatically.
Set the scale to a continuous transmission mode (it will send several values per second).
<?php
error_reporting(E_ALL);
echo "TCP/IP Connection\n";
/* Ohaus Defender 5000 WLAN interface uses port 6060 by default, Ethernet interface uses port 9761 */
$service_port = 6060;
/* IP address of the scale, can be displayed/set in the menu */
$address = "192.168.0.195";
/* Create a TCP/IP socket. */
$socket = socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, SOL_TCP);
if ($socket === false) {
echo "socket_create() failed: reason: " . socket_strerror(socket_last_error()) . "\n";
} else {
echo "OK.\n";
}
echo "Attempting to connect to '$address' on port '$service_port'...";
$result = socket_connect($socket, $address, $service_port);
if ($result === false) {
echo "socket_connect() failed.\nReason: ($result) " . socket_strerror(socket_last_error($socket)) . "\n";
} else {
echo "OK.\n";
}
$in = "IP\r\n"; //IP command (Immediate Print) - supported commands depend on the manufacturer, model and LFT settings
$out = '';
echo "Sending command...";
socket_write($socket, $in, strlen($in));
echo "OK.\n";
echo "Reading response:\n\n";
while ($out = socket_read($socket, 128, PHP_NORMAL_READ)) {
echo $out;
}
echo "Closing socket...";
socket_close($socket);
echo "OK.\n\n";
When socket_read encounters carriage return or line feed, it returns the data received from the scale. By default, these characters are sent by the scale at the end of each line.
The PHP script produced the following output:
You can modify the output template through the menu of the scale or by using the Ohaus Scale Mate software, e.g. to send just the net weight and date/time:
You’ll find a list of commands supported by the scale in the user manual (chapter 5, “interface command”). Note that each command has to be followed by carriage return and line feed.
In the script, I used the “IP” (immediate print) command, which tells the scale to send the weight immediately (whether it is stable or not). This command is available on all recent Ohaus scales. One notable exception are legal-for-trade (LFT) models, which only support the P command (similar to pressing the print button) and in some cases the SP command (stable print, send weight as soon as it has stabilized).
Tip: The Ohaus Defender 5000 also supports many MT-SICS commands. This means that you could send commands such as “SI” (send immediately) and receive a reply in a standardized format which is independent of the template set in the scale:
Please note that I’m not a PHP expert and that I don’t recommend using PHP. This article is only supposed to be a very basic demonstration. Other programming languages such a C#, Java, server-side JavaScript (node.js) or Python may be more suitable.
The header photo shows a Defender 5000 communication test case (a hard case with a built-in Defender 5000 indicator with all optional communication interfaces installed).
